吕磊,涂安琪,谭晓蒙,郭心爱
LYU Lei,TU Anqi,TAN Xiaomeng,GUO Xinai

• 1:内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司

摘要(Abstract)：

针对某电厂低压转子汽轮机侧次末级叶片发生断裂问题，采用外观形貌观察、SEM形貌分析、力学性能分析、化学成分分析及显微组织检测等试验方法，对断裂的低压转子叶片进行综合性失效分析。结果表明，低压转子汽轮机侧次末级叶片受到机械碰撞损伤，导致叶片出汽侧受损形变并产生应力集中区域，叶片在工作载荷下在机械损伤应力集中区域萌生裂纹源，在交变应力作用下裂纹不断扩展，最终导致叶片疲劳断裂。建议检查低压转子其他位置叶片，发现机械损伤及开裂等问题及时处理，其次应防止异物随蒸汽进入汽轮机内打伤叶片，并确保汽缸内部固定零部件牢固不脱落，从而防止类似情况再次发生。
In order to find out the cause of the fracture of the secondary and final stage blade on the turbine side of a low-pressure rotor in a power plant, comprehensive failure analysis is conducted on the fractured low-pressure rotor blade using test methods, such as appearance morphology observation, scanning electron microscope(SEM) morphology analysis,mechanical property analysis, chemical composition analysis, and microstructure detection. The results show that the secondary and final stage blades on the turbine side of the low-pressure rotor are damaged by mechanical collision,resulting in the damage and deformation on the steam outlet side of the blades, and generating stress concentration areas.The blades are prone to initiate crack sources in the mechanical damage stress concentration areas under working load, and the cracks continuously expand under the action of alternating stress, which ultimately leads to fatigue cracking and fracture of the blades. It is recommended to carefully inspect the blades at other positions of the low-pressure rotor and promptly handle any mechanical damage and cracks found. Secondly, it is necessary to prevent foreign matters from entering the turbine with steam to damage the blades, and ensure that the fixed parts inside the cylinder are firm and will not fall off,to prevent similar situations from occurring again.

关键词(KeyWords)： 汽轮机;低压转子;叶片;裂纹;疲劳开裂
steam turbine;low pressure rotor;blade;crack;fatigue cracking

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司青年科技人员支持计划项目“涂层下水轮机叶片阵列涡流检测技术研究”（2022-ZC-04）

作者(Author): 吕磊,涂安琪,谭晓蒙,郭心爱
LYU Lei,TU Anqi,TAN Xiaomeng,GUO Xinai

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