冯汝明,车传强,赵磊,刘涛玮,白洁,王琼,王晓东
FENG Ruming,CHE Chuanqiang,ZHAO Lei,LIU Taowei,BAI Jie,WANG Qiong,WANG Xiaodong

• 1:内蒙古电力(集团)有限责任公司内蒙古电力科学研究院分公司
• 2:内蒙古自治区高电压与绝缘技术企业重点实验室
• 3:内蒙古超高压供电公司

摘要(Abstract)：

某500 kV GIS变电站断路器由热备用转冷备用操作时，拉开隔离开关时2号母线发生故障跳闸，根据现场故障录波图、气体检测以及对故障设备的拆解检查，借助成分分析方法以及对特快速暂态过电压（Very Fast Transient Overvoltage,VFTO）角度进行定性、定量计算，推断故障原因为设备开关触头存在设计缺陷，在操作隔离开关时存在电弧无法可靠熄灭的风险。故障暂态过程中，VFTO最大幅值达到2.183(p.u.)，电弧无法熄灭，易发生对外漂移，通过行波耦合传递至壳体与地之间的壳体电压（Transient Enclosure Voltage,TEV）升高至0.47(p.u.)，并且在VFTO作用下隔离开关附近存在金属异物造成电场畸变，振荡频率和电场不均匀度增加，最终导致击穿故障的发生。提出了改善隔离触头等建议，以进一步提高GIS的运行可靠性。
This paper introduces the fault tripping process of No.2 bus bar when the disconnector of a 500 kV GIS substation in Inner Mongolia power grid is opened from hot standby to cold standby. Based on the field fault oscillogram,gas detection and disassembly inspection of the fault equipment, qualitative and quantitative calculations are carried out with the help of component analysis and very fast transient overvoltage(VFTO). It is concluded that the fault is caused by the design defects of the switch contacts. There is a risk that the arc cannot be extinguished reliably when operating the disconnector. In addition, during the transient process, the maximum amplitude of VFTO reaches 2.183(p.u.), the arc cannot be extinguished and is prone to drift outward. The transient earth voltage(TEV) transmitted between the shell and the ground through traveling wave coupling rises to 0.47(p.u.). Under the action of VFTO, there are metal foreign matters near the disconnector, which cause electric field distortion, increase of oscillation frequency and electric field nonuniformity, and finally lead to the occurrence of breakdown fault. Finally, some suggestions and measures are proposed to improve the isolation contact, which has a positive guidance and reference for improving the operation reliability of GIS.

关键词(KeyWords)： GIS;击穿;特快速暂态过电压;成分分析;暂态壳体电压
GIS;breakdown;VFTO;component analysis;TEV

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 内蒙古电力（集团）有限责任公司科技项目“特快速暂态过电压（VFTO）与雷电冲击电压作用下GIS设备试验对比性研究”

作者(Author): 冯汝明,车传强,赵磊,刘涛玮,白洁,王琼,王晓东
FENG Ruming,CHE Chuanqiang,ZHAO Lei,LIU Taowei,BAI Jie,WANG Qiong,WANG Xiaodong

参考文献(References)：

• [1]林莘.现代高压电器技术.2版[M].北京：机械工业出版社，2011.
• [2]林莘，李鑫涛，王飞鸣，等.触头烧损对SF6断路器介质恢复特性的影响[J].高电压技术，2014,40(10):3125-3134.LIN Xin, LI Xintao, WANG Feiming, et al. Dielectric Recovery Characteristics of SF6Circuit Breaker Considering Contact Burning Loss[J]. High Voltage Engineering,2014, 40(10):3125-3134.
• [3]高有华，王彩云，刘晓明，等.盆式绝缘子存在自由金属颗粒时的电场分析及其对沿面闪络的影响[J].电工电能新技术，2015,34(8):56-61.GAO Youhua, WANG Caiyun, LIU Xiaoming, et al.Analysis of electric field of basin-type insulator existing metal particles and its influence on surface flashover[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2015, 34(8):56-61.
• [4]庄丞，曾建斌，袁传镇.表面异物对252 kV气体绝缘组合电器盆式绝缘子绝缘性能的影响[J].电工技术学报，2019,34(20):4208-4216.ZHUANG Cheng, ZENG Jianbin, YUAN Chuanzhen.Effect of Surface Foreign Matters on the Insulation Property of 252 kV Gas Insulated Switchgear Basin Insulators[J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2019, 34(20):4208-4216.
• [5]杨颖.异物存在时GIS内部电场分布的研究[D].北京：华北电力大学，2017.
• [6]赵琳，叶丽雅，詹花茂，等.GIS隔离开关特快速瞬态过电压试验重复击穿全过程仿真模型研究[J].高压电器，2020,56(11):130-138.ZHAO Lin, YE Liya, ZHAN Huamao, et al. Investigation of Repeated Breakdown Process During Very-fast Transient Overvoltage Test of Overall Switching Process of Disconnector in GIS[J]. High Voltage Apparatus,2020, 56(11):130-138.
• [7]田驰超.特高压GIS中快速暂态过电压（VFTO）及其影响的研究[D].沈阳：沈阳工业大学，2009.
• [8]赵振扬，赵丹，郭铁，等.冲击电压与工频电压下局部放电试验对比分析[J].东北电力技术，2018,39(6):29-33.ZHAO Zhenyang, ZHAO Dan, GUO Tie, et al. Analysis of Comparison of Partial Discharge in Impulse Voltage and Power Frequency Voltage[J]. Northeast Electric Power Technology, 2018, 39(6):29-33.
• [9]田婷.GIS中快速暂态过电压和暂态壳体电压的研究[D].保定：华北电力大学，2013.
• [10]苏文，过羿，廖军，等.一起500 k V GIS隔离开关故障分析及处理[J].东北电力技术，2019,40(4):33-36.SU Wen, GUO Yi, LIAO Jun, et al. Analysis and Treatment of 500 k V GIS Disconnector Accident[J].Northeast Electric Power Technology, 2019, 40(4):33-36.
• [11]关永刚，蔡元纪，刘卫东，等.GIS隔离开关操作产生的壳体电位升高和VFTO关系[J].高电压技术，2015,41(12):4097-4104.GUAN Yonggang, CAI Yuanji, LIU Weidong, et al.Relationship Between Transient Enclosure Voltage and Very Fast Transient Overvoltage Generated During Disconnector Operations in Gas Insulated Switchgear[J].High Voltage Engineering, 2015, 41(12):4097-4104.
• [12]曹春博.GIS设备气室划分及密度监测存在问题分析与处理[J].内蒙古电力技术，2019,37(5):83-85.CAO Chunbo. Analysis and Treatment of Problems in Gas Chamber Division and Density Monitoring of GIS Equipment[J]. Inner Mongolia Electric Power, 2019, 37(5):83-85.
• [13]刘杰，毛海波，姜涛，等.SF6密度继电器监测GIS气室压力的误差分析[J].浙江电力，2022,41(2):73-77.LIU Jie, MAO Haibo, JIANG Bo, et al. Error Analysis of SF6Density Relay in Pressure Monitoring of GIS Chamber[J]. Zhejiang Electric Power, 2022, 41(2):73-77.
• [14]余光召，吴细秀，张科杰，等.基于新型SF6气体重燃模型的TEV暂态特性研究[J].电工电能新技术，2016,35(11):37-44.YU Guangzhao, WU Xixiu, ZHANG Kejie, et al.Research on transient characteristics of TEV based on new reignition model of SF6gas discharge[J]. Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2016, 35(11):37-44.
• [15]毛凤春，彭庆军，马宏明，等.基于有限元方法的GIS隔离开关绝缘垫受力分析[J].云南电力技术，2018,46(3):127-130.MAO Fengchun, PENG Qingjun, MA Hongming, et al. Stress Analysis of GIS Isolating Switch Insulation Gasket Structure Based on Finite Element Method[J].Yunnan Electric Power, 2018, 46(3):127-130.
• [16]蒋玲，曲全磊，康钧，等.750 kV GIS设备母线拓扑结构对VFTO影响研究[J].电瓷避雷器，2020(4):95-100.JIANG Ling, QU Quanlei, KANG Jun, et al. Research on the Influence of 750 kV GIS Bus Topology Structure on VFTO[J]. Insulators and Surge Arresters,2020(4):95-100.
• [17]牛勃，相中华，马飞越，等.一起小型化GIS设备故障分析及改进措施研究[J].高压电器，2022,58(1):214-220.NIU Bo, XIANG Zhonghua, MA Feiyue, et al. Research on Fault Analysis and Improvement Measures of Smart GIS[J]. High Voltage Apparatus, 2022, 58(1):214-220.
• [18]刘蕾，李华良，谢瑞涛.隔离开关开合小电流仿真研究中电弧电阻模型探讨[J].电工技术，2021(18):126-128,140.LIU Lei, LI Hualiang, XIE Ruitao, et al. Discussion on Arc Resistance Model in Simulation Research of Small Current Switching[J]. Electric Engineering, 2021(18):126-128, 140.
• [19]王娜，林莘，徐建源，等.GIS中隔离开关电弧模型对快速暂态过电压的影响[J].电工电能新技术，2013,32(1):85-88.WANG Na, LIN Xin, XU Jianyuan, et al. Influence of arcing model of GIS switching to VFTO[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy, 2013, 32(1):85-88.
• [20]林莘，李爽，徐建源，等.考虑GIS外壳传输特性的VFTO计算模型[J].电网技术，2010,34(11):203-207.LIN Xin, LI Shuang, XU Jianyuan, et al. Calculation Model of VFTO Considering Transmitting Characteristics of GIS Enclosure[J]. Power System Technology, 2010, 34(11):203-207.