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为优化储能电站电池充、放电运行维护策略，对储能电站用磷酸铁锂电池在恒功率P、2P、4P下进行充、放电性能试验，拆解后对电极材料进行扫描电镜形貌测试、X射线衍射测试、电感耦合等离子光谱测试。结果表明，随着充、放电功率增大，电池完成充、放电循环时间变短，内阻变大，电池有效充、放电容量变小； 4P功率下电池正极的磷酸铁锂颗粒有明显的裂纹，负极表面的Fe、P、S等元素质量分数偏高；循环充、放电到一定次数后，电池开始老化，出现FePO4相；大功率充、放电使负极材料中锂元素质量分数升高，正极锂元素质量分数与功率呈反比关系，加速电池的老化。储能电站实际运维中，对电池宜采用低功率的充、放电策略，可有效提高电池使用寿命及安全可靠性。
Abstract：In order to optimize the operation and maintenance strategy of battery charging and discharging in energy storage power stations, the charging and discharging performance of lithium iron phosphate battery used in energy storage power station are tested under constant power P, 2P and 4P. After disassembly, the electrode materials are tested by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and inductively coupled plasma spectrum. The results show that with the increase of charging and discharging power, the cycle time of charging and discharging becomes shorter, the internal resistance becomes larger, and the effective charging and discharging capacity of the battery becomes smaller. At 4P power, there are obvious cracks in the lithium iron phosphate particles in the positive electrode of the battery, and the mass fraction of Fe, P, S and other elements on the surface of the negative electrode is relatively high. After a certain number of cycles of charging and discharging, the battery begins to age and FePO4 phase appears. High power charging and discharging can increase the mass fraction of lithium in the negative electrode material, while the mass fraction of lithium in the positive electrode is inversely proportional to power, which accelerates the aging of the battery. In the actual operation and maintenance of an energy storage power station, low- power charging and discharging strategies should be adopted for the battery, which can effectively improve the service life and safety reliability of the battery.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19929/j.cnki.nmgdljs.2024.0020
中图分类号:
引用信息:
[1]王焕伟, 张若朋, 薛守洪等.电化学储能电站用磷酸铁锂电池电性能及电极材料理化性能分析[J].内蒙古电力技术,2024,42(02):24-29.DOI:10.19929/j.cnki.nmgdljs.2024.0020.
基金信息:
内蒙古电力（集团）有限责任公司科技项目“电池入网检测及安全评估系统化研究”（2022-02）